10 terms. Effectively, Bouie writes for The Daily Beast, redlining “was almost exclusively a tool to force blacks (and other minorities) into particular geographic areas,” which the Federal Home Loan Bank Board would designate with red borders drawn on its residential security maps—hence the term “redlining.”. From this euphemistic usage, it became a formal term for such areas in the social sciences. an older part of a city, densely populated and usually deteriorating, inhabited mainly by poor, often minority, groups: Struggling schools in the inner city face substantial challenges to prepare students for college. It is the nucleus of the largest metropolitan area in the north of England. The term "inner city" first achieved consistent usage through the writings of white liberal Protestants in the US after World War II, contrasting with the growing affluent suburbs. In many respects Manchester could claim to be the first of a new generation of huge industrial cities created in … Just as easily as our political discourse conflates police brutality and “black-on-black” crime as interchangeable concerns, we likewise render “inner city,” a term coined to describe the aftermath of 20th century redlining and white flight, into a broader, common, ahistorical signifier of black poverty and urban decay. Political machine, in U.S. politics, a party organization, headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county, or state. Learn more. Housing is usually linear, back to back and terraced. Liberal Protestants’ missionary brand of urban renewal refocused attention away from the blight and structural obsolescence thought to be responsible for urban decay, and instead brought into focus the cultural pathologies they mapped onto black neighborhoods. Engaging a host of classic works of urban sociology, Duneier describes how social scientists have grappled with poor, black, inner-city neighborhoods in the United States. (as modifier): inner-city schools. History of Inner City In 1982, Dr. Bill Bright, founder of Campus Crusade for Christ®, was burdened by the lack of the ministry's involvement in the inner cities of America. Which explains why our politics fails to address the most severely protracted policy failure in American history with any precision. Its genesis was the product of an era when a largely suburban mainline Protestantism was negotiating its relationship to American cities. While gentrification increases the value of properties in areas that suffered from prolonged disinvestment, it also results in rising rents, home and property values. The two terms are used interchangeably in Canada. The term “inner city” gained popularity through the work of urban theorists and sociologists in the 1960s and 1970s to describe central cities … The term "inner city" first achieved consistent usage through the writings of white liberal Protestants in the US after World War II, contrasting with the growing affluent suburbs. The Bronx is an outer borough of New York City. Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014 Features. This area tends to be run down unless housing has been redeveloped or gentrification has occurred. 10 terms. Today, the term applies primarily to concentrations of blacks in Northern U.S. cities. Without necessarily realizing how fluent we are in such loose, figurative language, we hear and use these euphemisms every day. All Free. “White flight,” another term popular among social scientists of the 1960s, describes the general trend of white residents altogether fleeing several major U.S. cities—most notably Detroit, Cleveland, and Oakland—for local suburbs, packing their wealth and taking it with them. The inner city tends to contain high-density 19th Century housing and wholesale manufacturing. Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump has raised eyebrows for his use of the term "inner city." He authorized an exhaustive study to determine how best to help reach and assist the poor. © Complex Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. What does it really mean? Historically, the term \"gentry\" referred to landed people; in the twenty-first century, it usually refers to the upper middle class. Gentrification is a powerful force for economic change in our cities, but it is often accompanied by extreme and unnecessary cultural displacement. Federal policymakers literally created the inner city, and then the very same policymakers wrecked it. It has nothing to do with the actual inner part of a city, and generally refers to a wedge-shaped area within the city limits that separates the downtown area from the suburbs, such as the Bronx in NYC, the South and West Sides of Chicago, Dorchester and Roxbury in Boston… For some people, the inner city means the area where cafe society thrives – … The first known use of inner city was in 1958. Thus, even as it arose in contexts aiming to entice mainline Protestantism back into the cities it had fled, the term accrued its meaning by generating symbolic and geographic distance between white liberal churches and the black communities they sought to help.[2]. A housing policy expert explains how federal government policies created the suburbs and the inner city ... A Forgotten History of How ... Reverse-redlining is a term … North American sociologists popularized “inner city” in the early 1960s to address urban migration trends that we can trace back to the federal housing policy shifts of the 1930s. Still, anyone might include these neighborhoods in discussion of “inner city” violence, “inner city” poverty, and such. The word "downtown" is also used to describe the inner city or city centre – primarily in North America – by English-speakers to refer to a city's commercial, cultural and often the historical, political and geographic heart, and is often contiguous with its central business district. The term reinforces the concept of “white flight,” wherein moving to the suburbs functions as an escape mechanism to avoid living among black people, leaving said minorities behind in city neighborhoods that inevitably become neglected … Immigrant backlash. Rather, the term “family values” signifies a range of conservative opposition to marriage rights for couples that fall outside hetero parameters, birth control rights, comprehensive sex education in public schools, etc. In the most desirable neighborhoods of a given city, the HOLC would grant loans with explicit racial covenants that prohibited deed holders from ever selling their property to a black buyer. “Inner city,” then, isn’t just a general, apolitical description of black poverty, but also a potent hint at that poverty’s causes. Despite provisions of the Fair Housing Act, enacted as a title of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, redlining persists. El Barrio is an example of an inner-city area, although one with an extreme version of the issues usually associated with inner cities. investing in inner-city parks, there are huge disparities in what parks look like in North Minneapolis vs. Southwest Minneapolis. [1] Sociologists sometimes turn this euphemism into a formal designation, applying the term "inner city" to such residential areas, rather than to geographically more central commercial districts. In Canada, in the 1970s, the government introduced Neighbourhood Improvement Programs to deal with urban decay, especially in inner cities. Inner city thus originated as a term of containment. Alternatively, there’s the relatively benign shorthand that apparently favors no particular agenda. inner city - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. Which factor contributed most to the rise of inner city overcrowding in the late nineteenth century? In fact, the word “cowboy” is believed by some to have emerged as a derogatory term used to describe Black cowhands. There’s been a … A few US cities, such as Philadelphia, use the term "Center City". Time Traveler for inner city. 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