Symbolic interaction theory analyzes society by addressing the subjective meanings that people impose on objects, events, and behaviors. Bostyn: Allyn and Bacon. A convicted sexual offender is released on parole and arrested two weeks later for repeated sexual crimes. In studying deviance, these theorists look at how people in everyday situations define deviance, which differs between cultures and settings. Symbolic interactionism is a theoretical approach that can be used to explain how societies and/or social groups come to view behaviors as deviant or conventional. Those who do, however, have often been labeled “deviant” by society and have gradually come to believe it themselves. Violating norms can open society’s eyes to injustice in the system. Review the theory of differential association, labeling theory, and strain theory again in the following video: 1. Since criminology was a young field, he drew on other aspects of sociology including social interactions and group learning (Laub 2006). Why? It first traces the origins of symbolic interactionism, citing the work of the University of Chicago’s sociology department, particularly on the sociology of crime and control. Should a former felony conviction permanently strip a U.S. citizen of the right to vote? In 1994, she co-edited with Larry T. Reynolds, Symbolic Interaction: An Introduction to Social Psychology (New York: General Hall). According to Sutherland, deviance is less a personal choice and more a result of differential socialization processes. The symbolic interaction perspective, also called symbolic interactionism, is a major framework of the sociological theory. a product of everyday social interactions of individuals. More than ten years later, she is still feeling the sting of her sentencing. How would labeling theory explain this? and they must reject those norms and values to accept the new ones. Labeling Theory. techniques for committing deviance. As a result, what is considered deviant changes over time and can vary significantly across cultures. A longitudinal study beginning in the 1960s found that the best predictor of antisocial and criminal behavior in children was whether their parents had been convicted of a crime (Todd and Jury 1996). Labeling theory, differential association, social disorganization theory, and control theory fall within the realm of symbolic interactionism. While it provides a general view of how humans interact with and ascribe meaning to symbols around them, it is often too difficult to test because it is based on subjective interpretations. Although symbolic interactionism … What are examples of groups that are violent and therefore would transmit violence? A tween whose friends are sexually active is more likely to view sexual activity as acceptable. To Strickland, who said she had always voted, the news came as a great shock. school where no one smokes marijuana, he is less likely to take up the habit. She isn’t alone. meantime, the norms they learned at home are no longer acceptable within the gang environment, Symbolic Interaction: A Reader in Social Psychology. The offender has lost the social bonds he made in prison and feels disconnected from society. Sociologist Edwin Sutherland studied deviance from the symbolic Travis Hirschi (1969) identified four types of social bonds that connect people to society: The three major sociological paradigms offer different explanations for the motivation behind deviance and crime. they associate with individuals who act in a deviant manner. Symbolic interactionism explains that nothing is inherently deviant but may become defined as such through the response of others. Primary deviance is a violation of norms that does not result in any long-term effects on the individual’s self-image or interactions with others. into a home. According to Sutherland, people commit deviant acts because The person may begin to take on and fulfill the role of a “deviant” as an act of rebellion against the society that has labeled that individual as such. Continuing with an examination of large social factors, control theory states that social control is directly affected by the strength of social bonds and that deviance results from a feeling of disconnection from society.

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