provides an explanation for events that seem difficult to understand, Durkheim's view - religious bonds often transcend personal and divisive forces. an emphasis on doctrinal conformity and the literal interpretation of sacred texts. at odds with society and do not seek to become established national religions. religion encourages us to view our personal misfortunes as relatively unimportant in the broader perspective of human history - or even as apart of an undisclosed divine purpose Weberian Thesis - Protestant ethic connection between religious allegiance and capitalistic behavior in a religious … require intensive commitments and demonstrations of belief by members. more attentive to guidance from accepted Islamic scholars, sometimes religious loyalties are dysfunctional; they contribute to tension and even conflict between groups or nations, religion encourages us to view our personal misfortunes as relatively unimportant in the broader perspective of human history - or even as apart of an undisclosed divine purpose, connection between religious allegiance and capitalistic behavior in a religious orientation, conflict theorists caution that Weber's theory should not be regarded as an analysis of mature capitalism, as reflected in the rise of multinational corporations, the use of a church in political effort to eliminate poverty, discrimination, and other forms of injustice from a secular society - believe organized religion has a moral responsibility to take a strong public stand against oppression, conflict perspective on religion (Karl Marx), religion impedes social change by encouraging oppressed people to focus on otherworldly concerns rather than on their immediate poverty or exploitation, conflict (Marx's) perspective says religion's promotion of social stability only helps to perpetuate patterns of social inequality and dominance, dominant religion reinforces the interest of those in power - keeps people from viewing their lives in political terms, women generally take a subordinate role in religious governance but take a role in religious socialization, religion is a source of social integration and unification. the religious function of social support uses the example of when a loved one passes away. offers certain ultimate values and ends to hold in common. How may an ordinary object be moved from the realm of … end to be more moderate in their religious orthodoxy. relatively small religious group that has broken away from some other religious organization to renew what it considers the original vision of the faith. Religion encourages us to view our personal misfortunes as relatively unimportant in the broader perspective of human history- or even as the undisclosed divine purpose. source of social support for individuals, individual religious expression through belief, ritual, and experience, Christianity is largest single faith in the world, second is Islam, Muslim governments often reinforce Islamic practices through their laws, Hinduism - number of gods, most worshippers are devoted primarily to a single diety, belief in reincarnation, Buddhism - mediation, goal of reaching a state of enlightenment, statements to which members of a particular religion adhere. explicit set of beliefs, a defined system of authority, and a respected position in society. Religion isn't the only integrative force; nationalism or patriotism may serve the same end. usually honor the divine power worshipped by believers; religious duties and responsibilities, serve as important face-to-face encounters in which people reinforce their religious beliefs and their commitment to their faith, feeling or perception of being in direct contact with the ultimate reality, such as a divine being, or of being overcome with religious emotion, religious organization that claims to include most or all members of a society and is recognized as the national or official religion - political and religious institutions often act in harmony and reinforce each other's power in their relative spheres of influence, large, organized religion that is not officially linked to the state or government. worried by the secularization of society, and oppose teaching that directly or indirectly questions biblical scripture, practices required of members of a faith. Religion encourages us to view our personal misfortunes as relatively unimportant in the broader perspective. religion is a collective act that includes many forms of behavior in which people interact with others. religion encourages us to view our personal misfortunes as relatively unimportant in the broader perspective of human history- or even as part of an undisclosed divine purpose. Ex: Being "God's will," or as having some ultimate benefit that we cannot understand now. unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things - religion involves a set of beliefs and practices that are uniquely the property of religion, as opposed to other social institutions and ways of thinking, encompasses elements beyond everyday life that inspire awe, respect, and even fear - people become part of the sacred realm only by competing some ritual, such as prayer or sacrifice, religion's influence on other social institutions in a society diminishes, contemporary sociologists view religion in two different ways, 1. they study the norms and values of religious faiths by examining their substantive beliefs, religion defines the spiritual world and gives meaning to the divine. integrative power can also be seen in religions role for immigrant groups in the U.S. follow the way of the prophet. Values and ends help society function as an integrated social system. its difficult to accept the stressful events in life- especially when something "senseless" happens. Religion gives meaning and purpose to people's lives. allows us to "do something" about the calamities we face.

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