To estimate CO2 not emitted when an acre of forest is preserved from conversion to cropland, simply multiply the number of acres of forest not converted by -147.83 mt CO2/acre/year. A note on global warming potentials (GWPs): Some of the equivalencies in the calculator are reported as CO2 equivalents (CO2E). To convert to carbon dioxide, multiply by the ratio of the molecular weight of carbon dioxide to that of carbon (44/12), to yield a value of -365.29 metric tons CO2/hectare/year (or -147.83 metric tons CO2/acre/year) in the year of conversion. The carbon dioxide equivalent emissions avoided from recycling instead of landfilling 1 ton of waste are 2.94 metric tons CO2 equivalent per ton, as calculated in the “Tons of waste recycled instead of landfilled” section above. 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4 (Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use). 8.89 × 10-3 metric tons CO2/gallon gasoline × 1/22.3 miles per gallon car/truck average × 1 CO2, CH4, and N2O/0.989 CO2 = 4.03 x 10-4 metric tons CO2E/mile. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland. To estimate carbon sequestered (in metric tons of CO2) by additional forestry acres in one year,  multiply the number of additional acres by -0.77 metric ton CO2 acre/year. Total CO2 emissions for energy use per home: 5.906 metric tons CO2 for electricity + 2.21 metric tons CO2 for natural gas + 0.25 metric tons CO2 for liquid petroleum gas + 0.30 metric tons CO2 for fuel oil = 8.67 metric tons CO2 per home per year. The averaged reference soil carbon stock (for high-activity clay, low-activity clay, sandy soils, and histosols for all climate regions in the United States) is 40.83 metric tons C/hectare (EPA 2019). The amount of carbon dioxide emitted per gallon of motor gasoline burned is 8.89 × 10-3 metric tons, as calculated in the “Gallons of gasoline consumed” section above. For example, the GWP for methane is 25 and for nitrous oxide 298. (0.11 [percent of coniferous trees in sampled urban settings] × 23.2 lbs C/coniferous tree) + (0.89 [percent of deciduous trees in sampled urban settings] × 38.0 lbs C/deciduous tree) = 36.4 lbs C/tree, 36.4 lbs C/tree × (44 units CO2/12 units C) × 1 metric ton/2,204.6 lbs = 0.060 metric ton CO2 per urban tree planted. Propane is 81.7 percent carbon (EPA 2019). Immediately after conversion from forestland to cropland, biomass is assumed to be zero, as the land is cleared of all vegetation before planting crops), ∆CL = annual decrease in biomass stocks due to losses from harvesting, fuel wood gathering, and disturbances on land converted to other land-use category (assumed to be zero). 10,180 grams of CO2/gallon of diesel = 10.180 × 10-3 metric tons CO2/gallon of diesel. The average carbon coefficient of coal combusted for electricity generation in 2017 was 26.08 kilograms carbon per mmbtu (EPA 2019). Carbon Stock Density in Year 2017 = (57,546 MMT C × 106) / (273,623 thou. You may need a PDF reader to view some of the files on this page. By Gayathri Vaidyanathan, ClimateWire on December 22, 2015 At present, nations report methane emissions in terms of CO2 equivalents, using GWP100 as the conversion factor… 20.92 mmbtu/metric ton coal × 26.08 kg C/mmbtu × 44 kg CO2/12 kg C × 90.89 metric tons coal/railcar × 1 metric ton/1,000 kg = 181.85 metric tons CO2/railcar. In most U.S. forests, growth exceeds removals and decomposition, so the amount of carbon stored nationally is increasing overall, though at a decreasing rate. A quantity of GHG can be expressed as CO2e by multiplying the amount of the GHG by its GWP. CO2e, or carbon dioxide equivalent, is a standard unit for measuring carbon footprints. It can be measured in weight or concentration. Rep. PSW-GTR-253. E.g. Connecting Manitobans to climate The table shows that a release on 1 kg of this gas is equivalent to 22,800 kg or 22.8 tonnes of CO2. NOTE: The GWP values were changed in 2007. Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e or CO2eq or CO2-e) is calculated from GWP. Also note that this estimate includes both mineral soil and organic soil carbon stocks. For any amount of any gas, it is the amount of CO2 which would warm the earth as much as that amount of that gas. Water vapour is not considered to be a cause of man-made global warming because it does not persist in the atmosphere for more than a few days. The amount of waste in an average garbage truck was assumed to be 7 tons (EPA 2002). In 2017, the average nameplate capacity of wind turbines installed in the U.S. was 2.32 MW (DOE 2018). In the preamble to the joint EPA/Department of Transportation rulemaking on May 7, 2010 that established the initial National Program fuel economy standards for model years 2012-2016, the agencies stated that they had agreed to use a common conversion factor of 10,180 grams of CO2 emissions per gallon of diesel consumed (Federal Register 2010). Therefore: ∆CSoil = (SOC0 - SOC(0-T))/D = (40.83 - 123)/20 = -4.10 metric tons C/hectare/year of soil C lost. Methane's lifetime in the atmosphere is much shorter than carbon dioxide (CO 2), but CH 4 is more efficient at trapping radiation than CO 2. Please also note that this calculation method assumes that all of the forest biomass is oxidized during clearing (i.e., none of the burned biomass remains as charcoal or ash). The average carbon coefficient of coal combusted for electricity generation in 2017 was 26.08 kilograms carbon per mmbtu (EPA 2019). It was assumed that the electricity generated from an installed wind turbine would replace marginal sources of grid electricity. Carbon dioxide emissions per pound of propane were determined by multiplying the weight of propane in a cylinder times the carbon content percentage times the fraction oxidized times the ratio of the molecular weight of carbon dioxide to that of carbon (44/12). Therefore: ∆CB = ∆CG + CConversion - ∆CL = -85.27 metric tons C/hectare/year of biomass carbon stocks are lost when forestland is converted to cropland in the year of conversion. Maintenance mode power, also known as the power consumed when the phone is fully charged and the charger is still plugged in, is 0.14 Watts (DOE 2019). This calculation, also found in the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2017 (EPA 2019), uses the USDA Forest Service estimates of carbon stocks in 2018 minus carbon stocks in 2017. -0.21 metric ton C/acre/year* × (44 units CO2/12 units C) = -0.77 metric ton CO2/acre/year sequestered annually by one acre of average U.S. forest. Annex 2 (Methodology for estimating CO, 2019 Annual Energy Outlook, Table A4: Residential Sector Key Indicators and Consumption, 2019 Annual Energy Outlook, Table A8: Electricity Supply, Disposition, Prices, and Emissions.

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