Notice that two iron atoms are oxidized for every oxygen mol-ecule that is reduced—the number of electrons gained by one oxygen molecule is equal to the number of electrons given up by two iron atoms. Ask learners why they think it is especially important for taps in bathrooms and basin to be protected from rust. That is what we are doing when we paint an iron surface to protect it from rust. Do not proceed to schedule a custom demo unless you have already conferred with the lecture demonstrator about it. One day of lead time is required for this project. Students can examine the reaction product afterwards to formulate their observations. They had to be lit by hand and burned very brightly, for a very short period. 7 Matter and Materials and will look at again later in this term. Magnesium is group 2, iron is group 8 and copper is group 11. a small ball of steel wool about 1 cm in diameter, a large, wide mouth, stoppered Erlenmeyer flask with sand in the bottom filled with pure oxygen, holding the ball of steel woool in the forceps, ignite it in the flame of the propane torch, quickly remove the stopper and sinsert the smoldering steel wool into the flask, after it has burned for a couple of seconds, drop the steel wool, otherwise it will weld the ends of your forceps together, turn of the propane torch and replace the stopper in the flask. Examples are steel and brass. Next, we are going to translate our word equation to a picture equation. Rusting also happens more quickly in the presence of acids. In the formula, M represents a metal atom and O represents oxygen. This links to what learners have done in previous grades about the properties of materials. The purpose of these demonstrations is to give you a chance to make macroscopic observations of the chemical changes that take place during the reactions. Tools, locks, hinges, screws and nails, garage doors... the list of items is almost endless! The rusting of iron takes place in the presence of water and oxygen and leads to the compound iron oxide. You should make careful observations during the demonstration and write these down in the spaces provided below. If you would like to read more about whay apples turn brown to explain this to your learners in more detail, visit this website: http://humantouchofchemistry.com/why-do-cut-apples-turn-brown.htm. Some metals will react with oxygen when they burn. Inside laboratories, or factories where acids are used or stored, the air is also very corrosive. Learners may see the magnesium burning with a blinding white light. What happens when a metal reacts with oxygen? A video showing magnesium burning in oxygen. Observe actual reactions (see, hear, smell, touch, taste). Fill this into the concept map. Group 1 metals are referred to as the Alkali Metals and Group 2 metals are referred to as the Alkaline Earth Metals. chemical equation for water- H2O chemical equation for oxygen- O2when water, oxygen and iron comes in contact the process of rusting occurs. Rust is a form of iron oxide and it forms slowly when iron is exposed to air. Chapter 10: Reactions of non-metals with oxygen. Do you know what steel wool is? We would need to put something between the oxygen and iron so they cannot make contact. NOTE: The other elements in steel include carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and traces of oxygen, nitrogen and aluminum. You should make careful observations during the demonstration and write these down in the spaces provided below. Rusting tends to happen much faster near the ocean. This is a very versatile demonstration. The reaction is aided by an enzyme in the apple, so dripping lemon juice onto the slices will destroy the enzyme and prevent them from turning brown. Two examples of combustion reactions are: Iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide: Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide: What is the proper name for 'burning'? The iron ion and the hydroxide ion react to form iron hydroxide: 2Fe 2+ + 4OH - → 2Fe (OH) 2. This is not required by CAPS. Taps and bathroom fittings are often made of iron that has been 'chromed'. The product is a soft, white, powdery solid. Can you identify the reactants in the above equation? Keep a fire extinguisher on hand. Problem 99 Marine Chemistry of Iron On the seafloor, solid iron(II) oxide may react with water to form solid $\mathrm{Fe}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{4}$ and hydrogen gas. Depending on the state of the ribbon, learners may describe it as shiny, or dark grey, black, metallic, or even tarnished. Carefully sprinkle a spatula of iron filings around the sides of the test tube. The oxygen and water in air react with the metal to form the hydrated oxide. By continuing to view the descriptions of the demonstrations you have agreed to the following disclaimer. What exactly are metal oxides? Students can examine the reaction product afterwards to formulate their observations. Rust can be prevented by coating iron surfaces with paint, or with rust-resistant metals such as chromium or zinc. We are going to look at two of the reactions shown previously in greater detail in this chapter. The oxidation reaction of iron and oxygen to form the substance that is commonly called rust occurs according to this equation: 4Fe + 3O2 = 2Fe2O3. Exercise caution when burning the steel wool, as sparks may be produced. The gradual destruction of materials (usually metals) by chemical reaction with the environment is called ____________. Metal that is covered by a thin layers of zinc and zinc oxide is called ____________ metal. Rust is a natural process and its effects can be quite beautiful. Use a clamp attached to a retort stand to hold the test tube in place. What do the iron filings look like at the start of the experiment? We use this information to present the correct curriculum and Pure oxygen is a strong oxidizer. Magnesium is in group 2 in the Periodic Table. Invert the test tube in a dish of water. If we wanted to prevent that from happening, what would we have to do? Iron that is galvanised is used for many different purposes. One way to protect the iron surface is to cover it with a metal that does not corrode, like chromium, for instance. Any two of the following: BeO, MgO, CaO, SeO, BaO. A chemical reaction where a compound and oxygen react during burning to form a new product is called a ____________ reaction. The oxidation reaction of iron and oxygen to form the substance that is commonly called rust occurs according to this equation: 4Fe + 3O 2 = 2Fe 2 O 3.

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